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1986年3月,乔姆斯基在尼加拉瓜首都马那瓜的中美大学(Universidad Centroamerica-na)作了为时一周的演讲。演讲记录经乔氏整理扩充,于1988年初出版,书名为《语言与知识问题—马那瓜演讲录》(Language and Problems of Knowledge:The Managua Lectures;MITPress, Cambridge)。该书也是《当代语言学研究丛书》的第十六卷(Current Studies in Linguis-tics Series,Samuel Jay Keyser主编)。《语言与知识问题》虽然在理论上没有提出新的见解,却是乔姆斯基迄今为止撰写的内容最通俗易懂、行文最清晰明了的著作。全书共分五章:一、讨论的框架;二、现代语言学的研究程序;三、语言结构的原则Ⅰ;四、语言结构的原则Ⅱ;五、展望未来:思维研究的前景;另附有听众提问和作者答疑。本书没有详细讨论生成语法的具体问题,而是着重论述了人类所独具的语言官能的性质、语言与思维认识的关系,以及语言研究的中心问题和基本步骤。对生成语法的初学者来说,《语言与知识问题》可以作为一本入门读物。以下摘译该书的两部分,第一部分译自原书第一章3～7页,作者在这里提出了本书的主要论点:天生的语言知识是生物遗传决定的,语言的抽象理论研究的目的是促进对大脑物质机制的认识。第二部分译自书后附的问答部分180～183页,涉及到作者对教学法研究的评价。标题系译者所加。
In March 1986, Chomsky made a one-week lecture at the Universidad Centroamerica-na in Managua, Nicaragua. Addressing the Knowledge by The Managua Lectures (MITPress, Cambridge), the lecture notes were expanded by Qiao’s and published in early 1988 under the title “Language and Problems of Knowledge: The Managua Lectures.” The book is also the 16th volume of Current Studies in Linguis-tics Series (edited by Samuel Jay Keyser). Although the problem of language and knowledge has not been put forward theoretically, it is the most straightforward and clever text that Chomsky wrote so far. The book is divided into five chapters: First, the framework of the discussion; Second, the modern linguistic research procedures; Third, the principles of language structure Ⅰ; Fourth, the principles of language structure Ⅱ Five: Looking to the future: the future of thinking research; Audience questions and author Q & A. This book does not discuss in detail the specific issues of grammar, but focuses on the nature of the human language unique to the language, the relationship between language and thinking, as well as language research center and basic steps. For beginners who produce grammar, “language and knowledge problems” can serve as a primer. The following two parts of the book are excerpted, the first part of the original book from the first chapter 3 to page 7, the author here presented the main argument of this book: natural language knowledge is determined by the biological genetic, abstract theory of language The goal is to promote understanding of the physical mechanisms of the brain. The second part is translated from the 180 ~ 183 pages of the Q & A part attached to the book, which relates to the author’s evaluation of pedagogy research. The title is added by the translator.