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同志們!今天我談兩个問题:第一个是,苏联普通业余教育的学制問題,第二个是提高教师水平問題。在苏联,普通業余教育曾經起过很大作用,現在还继續起着它的作用。在苏維埃政权最初的年代里,主要是开办扫盲学校和半文盲学校,而现在則主要是举办完全中学和不完全中学。我先談一談苏联的扫盲学校和半文盲学校的情况: 在今天,苏联的扫盲学校和半文盲学校已为数不多了。这是因为,在苏联扫盲的任务早已完成,而且早在一九二五年就实行了普及义务教育,現在,成年文盲的数目已經很少了。然而,在过去,即当苏联的扫盲問題几乎像在今天的中國一样尖銳的时候,扫盲学校的情况究竟怎样呢?对这样一个問題,同志們也許更感兴趣。
Comrades! Today I talk about two issues: The first one is the academic system of ordinary amateur education in the Soviet Union, and the second one is to raise the standard of teachers. In the Soviet Union, ordinary amateur education played a significant role and now continues to play its part. In the early years of the Soviet regime, the main schools were literacy schools and semi-literacy schools, and now it is mainly the organization of complete secondary and incomplete secondary schools. Let me start with the situation of literacy schools and semi-literacy schools in the Soviet Union: There are only a handful of literacy schools and semi-literacy schools in the Soviet Union today. This is because the task of literacy in the Soviet Union has long been completed and popularization of compulsory education was implemented as early as in 1925. At present, the number of adult illiterates has been very small. However, in the past, when the issue of literacy in the Soviet Union was almost as acute as today’s China, what is the situation with literacy schools? Comrades may be even more interested in such a question.