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老年人呼吸器官解剖学的改变一、胸廓骨骼老化性改变:老年人除逐渐上身前倾,脊柱后弯,躯干缩短,身材变矮外,肋骨从原来的自后向前向下倾斜趋势,变为水平位,结果使胸廓前后径增加,扁平胸廓转变成为桶式.加之肋骨、胸骨体接连处因年老出现的脱水、钙化与骨化等退行性转变,更进一步限制了胸廓活动范围.胸廓变形与活动幅度受到的限制,加上肺脏的弹性回缩力减退,潮气量就会显著地减少。因此,健康老年人体力活动易于引起气急,所谓“老年性肺气肿”就是这种情况的表现.
Anatomy of the respiratory organs in the elderly changes First, the aging of the thorax skeletal changes: In addition to the elderly gradually upper body lean forward, after the bend of the spine, trunk shortening, short stature, the ribs from the backward tilt forward trend, Into the horizontal position, the result of thoracic anteroposterior diameter increases, the flat thorax into a barrel. Coupled with ribs, sarcoplasts due to age, dehydration, calcification and ossification and other degenerative changes, further limiting the range of thoracic activity. Thoracic deformation and the limits of activity are limited, coupled with the reduction of elastic recoil force of the lungs, tidal volume will be significantly reduced. Therefore, physical activity of healthy elders is apt to cause shortness of breath. The so-called “senile emphysema” is the manifestation of this situation.