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热学中分子运动理论和能的转化与守恒定律是高考的热点和重点,而在这些内容中,估算问题是一类典型问题,解答这类问题关键是要建立起相应的物理模型.一、单分子层模型在用油膜法测量分子直径时,油酸分子在液体表面形成一层油膜,由于这时的油酸分子是尽量散开的,所形成的油膜为单分子层油膜,故可用公式d=V/S来计算油酸分子的直径.例1将1 cm~3的油酸溶液溶于酒精,制成200 cm~3的酒精
The theory of thermal energy and the transformation and conservation of energy are the hotspots and focuses of the college entrance examination. Among these, the estimation problem is a typical type of problem. The key to solving this kind of problem is to establish the corresponding physical model. Molecular layer model In the oil film method to measure the molecular diameter, oleic acid molecules form a layer of oil film on the liquid surface, because the oleic acid molecules are dispersed as much as possible, the oil film formed is a monomolecular film, it can be used formula d =V/S to calculate the diameter of the oleic acid molecule. Example 1 Dissolve 1 cm~3 oleic acid solution in alcohol to make 200 cm~3 alcohol