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针对我国华北地区夏玉米生产中所面临的氮素污染和秸秆资源严重浪费等问题,中国农业大学和德国霍恩海姆大学(HohenheimUniversityofGermany)自1999以来开展了中德国际合作项目“华北平原作物高产高生产力条件下环境可承受的持续农业研究”。研究表明:在同一时期,优化施肥、秸秆还田优化施肥与传统施肥夏玉米干物质积累量无显著性差异。拔节到吐丝,优化施肥的干物质日增长量和干物质积累量并不低于传统施肥,吐丝到灌浆,略低于传统施肥;秸秆还田优化施肥两阶段的干物质日增长量和干物质积累量最高。3处理间夏玉米产量无显著性差异。优化施肥和秸秆还田优化施肥条件下,氮肥当季利用率显著高于传统施肥。
In response to the problems of nitrogen pollution and serious waste of straw resources in summer maize production in North China, China Agricultural University and Hohenheim University of Germany have carried out Sino-German international cooperation projects since 1999. The high yield of North China Plain Environmentally Sustainable Sustainable Agricultural Research under Productivity ". The results showed that: in the same period, there was no significant difference between the optimized fertilization and the conventional fertilization on summer maize dry matter accumulation. In jointing and silking, the daily amount of dry matter and the dry matter accumulation of optimized fertilization were not lower than those of conventional fertilization and silking, but slightly lower than that of traditional fertilization. The daily dry matter increment of straw returning to fertilization was The highest dry matter accumulation. No significant difference in the yield of summer maize between the three treatments. Optimized fertilization and straw return to fertilization conditions, nitrogen utilization rate was significantly higher than the season of traditional fertilization.