人们通常把各种地理要素——如山脉、河流、城镇、村庄、道路等——用不同符号、按一定比例、缩小绘制成的图称为“地图”。地图的用途极广,无论发展国民经济、开发利用自然资源、规划设计和国防军事等部门都离不开它。许多地面问题可以运用地图形式来表达,与地学有关的学科,为 People generally refer to various geographical elements as mountains, rivers, towns, villages, roads, etc. - maps drawn with different signs and scaled down are called “maps.” The use of the map is extremely broad. It is indispensable to develop the national economy and to develop and utilize natural resources, planning and design and national defense and military departments. Many ground problems can be expressed in the form of maps, with geoscience-related disciplines