单电子现象是低温物理学的一个重要研究领域。由于分子电子器件的超小电容结构 ,使得即使在室温下也能观察到单电子现象 ,引起了研究人员的广泛重视。本文介绍了单电子现象的基本物理原理 ,分析了一些分子电子器件中的单电子现象 ,并说明了分子电子器件中单电子现象的研究意义及其应用前景。 Single-electron phenomena is an important area of ​​research in cryogenic physics. Due to the ultra-small capacitance structure of molecular electronic devices, even single-electron phenomena can be observed even at room temperature, which has attracted researchers’ extensive attention. This paper introduces the basic physical principle of single electron phenomenon, analyzes the single electron phenomenon in some molecular electronic devices, and explains the research significance and application prospect of single electron phenomenon in molecular electronic devices.