一、充填法应用情况坑内矿山充填的目的是为了支撑岩层,提供采矿工作面的回采安全,提高回收率,以及为了防止或限制矿山地表的破坏等,它已有100多年历史。1864年和1884年美国宾夕萨尼亚州的两个煤矿,分别为了保护地面建筑物和控制坑内火灾采用了水砂充填法;1909年南非的Witwatersrand金矿、同时期德国的一些煤矿、澳大利亚的金矿和美国卡罗拉多州的金矿等也采用了水砂充填;1920年在美国的Butte First, the application of filling law Pit filling in the purpose of the pit is to support the rock, providing mining safety mining face recovery, increase recovery rate, as well as to prevent or limit the destruction of the mine surface, it has been 100 years of history. In 1864 and 1884, two coal mines in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States used water sand filling methods to protect ground buildings and control in-pit fires respectively; the Witwatersrand gold mine in South Africa in 1909 and some coal mines in Germany at the same time; Australia Of the gold mines in the United States and the United States also used gold sand filling; 1920 in the United States Butte