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在一国法律体系中,宪法是具有最高效力的根本法。但宪法的效力是来自于自我宣示的还是其他?这是需要解答的根本问题。根据哈贝马斯的通过商谈达成的法律有效性理论,宪法有效性产生于公民的自我理解,形成于交往行动之中参与者之间的共识,守法者即立法者。宪法的有效性包括强制和合理的可接受性。宪法有效性沟通了宪法的价值、规范与宪法实现不同维度之间的张力及其弥合问题。
In a country’s legal system, the Constitution is the most effective fundamental law. But is the effectiveness of the constitution come from self-declaration or other? This is the fundamental problem to be answered. According to the theory of legal validity reached through the negotiation of Habermas, the validity of the constitution arises from the self-understanding of the citizens and forms the consensus among the participants in the interaction. The law-abiding persons are the legislators. The validity of the constitution includes coercion and reasonable admissibility. The effectiveness of the constitution communicates the value of the constitution, standardizes the tension between different dimensions of the realization of the constitution and the problems of its closure.