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诗歌创作是由字而句,由句成章的,所以,诗法分字法、句法和章法。三者中,章法为重,次为句法、字法。章法着眼于一首诗的整体结构,它是灵活多变的,没有固定的程式。凡诗不论古今体、五七言,总不离起承转合四字,而千变万化,出于其中;所谓起承转合,就是起联道破题意,次联承其意,第三联用开笔,结旬收转,与起联相应,以成章法;但“以事不错综,则不成文章”。所以章法的变化又尤为重要。李东阳说:“律诗起承转合,不为无法,但不可泥。泥于法而为之,则撑拄对待,四方八角,无圆活生动之意。”纵观古诗词,章法的灵动中逆挽句法可占首位。
Poetry creation is composed of words and sentences, which are made up of sentences. Therefore, poetry is divided into words, syntax, and composition. Of the three, the compositional method is the most important, followed by the syntax and the wording. The syntactic approach focuses on the overall structure of a poem. It is flexible and has no fixed program. All poems, regardless of ancient and modern, and 57, are always separated from the beginning and end of the four words, and are ever-changing, out of which; the so-called starting and ending transfer, is to break the meaning of the joint road, the second joint commitment to its meaning, the third joint use of the pen, end ten days, Correspondingly, in order to obtain a syndicate, but in order to do a good job, it will not be an article. Therefore, the changes in the composition of the law are particularly important. Li Dongyang said: “Lyric poetry begins and ends with transformation. It is not impossible, but it cannot be mud. For the sake of law and mud, it will be treated with poles, and the four sides and the octagonal will not be vivid and lively.” Throughout ancient poetry, the syntactic retrograde syntax Can occupy the first place.