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在探究明代中、后期人口大量逃流的原因时，多有强调赋役繁重及地主阶级对土地的大量兼并，这固然是不可忽视的事实。但从全国范围来看，北方的流民以山西为多，而且，山西流民潮发生的时间早，人数也比较多。因此，除上述原因，本文从反映人与生态环境关系的生态系统角度对明代的流民现象进行了分析。
In exploring the reasons why a large number of population escaped in the middle and late Ming dynasties, many emphasized the heavy tax burden and the massive annexation of land by the landlord class. This is a fact that can not be ignored. However, from a national point of view, migrants in the north are much more likely to be Shanxi Provinces. Moreover, the flow of Shanxi refugees is earlier and larger. Therefore, in addition to the above reasons, this article analyzes the phenomenon of migrants in the Ming Dynasty from the perspective of the ecosystem which reflects the relationship between people and the ecological environment.