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植酸酶能水解植酸络合物,释放被植酸束缚的各种营养因子,因此能有效解除植酸与内源性消化酶的结合,促进消化酶的作用。本实验在全植物性饲料中添加植酸酶,研究其对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)和新吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)淀粉酶及蛋白酶比活力的影响。以全植物性饲料为阴性对照组,添加磷酸氢钙(dibasic calcium phosphate,DCP)实验组为阳性对照组,另设4个不同梯度的植酸酶实验组(250 U/kg、500 U/kg、1 000 U/kg和2 000 U/kg)。实验选取健壮、规格齐整平均体质量为(12.59±0.09)g的草鱼和平均体质量为(9.59±0.12)g的新吉富罗非鱼,分别随机分为6个组,每组5个平行,每个平行20尾鱼。养殖8周后,草鱼平均体质量(18.29±0.63)g,新吉富罗非鱼平均体质量为(24.68±1.34)g,抽样取出胃、肠和肝胰脏用来分析淀粉酶和蛋白酶比活力。结果表明,植酸酶对无胃鱼草鱼和有胃鱼罗非鱼淀粉酶及蛋白酶比活力都有显著的促进作用。相比较而言,植酸酶对罗非鱼的应用效果较明显,低剂量就能显著提高其淀粉酶及蛋白酶比活力(P<0.05)。当植酸酶添加量达到1 000 U/kg时,草鱼和罗非鱼淀粉酶及蛋白酶比活力均达到峰值,此时,罗非鱼淀粉酶和蛋白酶比活力与阳性对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),而草鱼肝胰脏蛋白酶比活力显著高于阳性对照组(P<0.05)。植酸酶2 000 U/kg实验组,罗非鱼淀粉酶和蛋白酶比活力与1 000 U/kg植酸酶实验组无显著差异(P>0.05),但草鱼肝胰脏蛋白酶比活力显著低于1 000 U/kg植酸酶实验组(P<0.05)。因此,本实验条件下,植酸酶在草鱼和新吉富罗非鱼全植物性蛋白质配合饲料中的适宜添加量均为1 000 U/kg,生产实践中可通过添加植酸酶部分替代无机磷源。
Phytase can hydrolyze phytic acid complex and release various nutrition factors bound by phytic acid, so it can effectively release the binding of phytic acid and endogenous digestive enzymes and promote the function of digestive enzymes. In this experiment, phytase was added into all-plant feedstuffs to study its effect on the amylase and protease activities of Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Oreochromis niloticus. The whole plant feed was used as the negative control group, and the control group was treated with dibasic calcium phosphate (DCP). Four different phytase groups (250 U / kg, 500 U / kg , 1 000 U / kg and 2 000 U / kg). The experiment selected the grass carp with the average body weight of (12.59 ± 0.09) g and the average body weight of (9.59 ± 0.12) g, which were in good specifications, were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 parallel in each group, Each parallel 20 fish. The average body weight of grass carp was (18.29 ± 0.63) g and the average body weight of fresh gizzard tilapia was (24.68 ± 1.34) g after 8 weeks breeding. The samples were taken from the stomach, intestine and hepatopancreas to analyze the specific activities of amylase and protease . The results showed that phytase had a significant effect on the amylase and protease activities of Tilapia fish without stomach fish and stomach fish. In comparison, the application of phytase to tilapia was more obvious, and the low doses of it significantly increased the specific activities of amylase and protease (P <0.05). When the phytase dosage reached 1 000 U / kg, the amylase and protease activities of grass carp and tilapia reached the peak values. At this time, the specific activities of amylase and protease in tilapia did not differ significantly from those in the positive control group (P > 0.05), while the specific protease activity of liver and pancreas of grass carp was significantly higher than that of the positive control group (P <0.05). Phytase phytase 2000 000 / kg experimental group, tilapia amylase and protease specific activity and 1 000 U / kg phytase experimental group no significant difference (P> 0.05), but the grass carp hepatopancreas specific protease activity was significantly lower At 1 000 U / kg phytase experimental group (P <0.05). Therefore, under the experimental conditions, phytase in grass carp and new tilapia Tilapia plant protein feedstuffs are the appropriate amount of 1 000 U / kg, production practice can be partially replaced by the addition of phytase inorganic phosphorus source.