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通过对丹参红叶病株与健康株根区土养分含量及根区土和根表土中的微生物区系比较,探索丹参红叶病发生的微生态机制.结果表明:丹参红叶病株叶片中N、P、K、Mn含量均显著低于健康株(P<0.05);根区土中速效P与健康株根区土无显著差异,速效N、K含量均显著高于健康株根区土(P<0.05),表明丹参红叶病害发生与P缺乏有关,但植株缺磷不是由于土壤供磷不足所致.丹参红叶病株根区土细菌数量较健康株减少41.3%,真菌和放线菌数量分别较健康株增加156.6%和189.5%,差异均达显著水平(P<0.05);丹参红叶病株根表土细菌、真菌和放线菌数量变化趋势与根区土一致.在丹参红叶病株根区、根表土壤中,6种优势真菌、4种优势放线菌及2种优势细菌可能为有害微生物.优势真菌为腐皮镰刀菌、露湿漆斑菌、三线镰刀菌、焦曲霉、尖孢镰刀菌及座囊菌;优势放线菌为砖红链霉菌、威威达湖伦茨氏菌、马铃薯疮痂病原链霉菌及山丘链霉菌;优势细菌为阿氏芽孢杆菌及水生细菌.这些优势微生物可能通过影响根系生长及根系对土壤养分吸收引起丹参出现缺磷现象.表明丹参红叶病的发生与丹参根区土和根表土中微生物区系异常密切相关.
The microecological mechanisms of the leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza were explored by comparing the soil nutrient contents in root zone soil of Salvia miltiorrhiza and healthy plants and the microbe flora in the topsoil and rhizosphere soil.The results showed that N and P (P <0.05). The available P content in root soil was not significantly different from that of healthy roots, and the contents of available N and K were significantly higher than those of healthy roots (P < 0.05), indicating that the occurrence of red leaf disease of Salvia miltiorrhiza was related to the deficiency of P, but the lack of phosphorus in the plant was not caused by insufficient phosphorus supply in the soil. The number of soil bacteria in the root zone of Salvia miltiorrhiza decreased by 41.3% (P <0.05). The trend of the numbers of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the root surface of Salvia miltiorrhiza leaves was the same as that of the root zone soil. In root zone of Salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, Among the root surface soil, six dominant fungi, four dominant actinomycetes and two dominant bacteria may be harmful microorganisms. The dominant fungi were Fusarium solani, Stachys pachyrhizi, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum Bacteria and Campylobacter; Advantageous actinomycetes brick red Streptomyces, Granville ICP Lentinus edodes, Streptomyces scab, Streptomyces aureus and Bacillus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.The dominant microorganisms may cause phosphorus deficiency in Salvia miltiorrhiza through affecting root growth and root nutrient uptake in soil, The occurrence of red leaf disease is closely related to the anomaly of microfloras in root and root of Salvia miltiorrhiza.