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高中阶段的热学重点包括两大部分:分子热运动的知识(即微观的理论)和气体的性质(即宏观的研究).在近几年的高考中,热学部分的考查力度仍然很大,而对于一些概念、理论性的东西学生仍存在模糊的印象.要正确认识这部分内容,我们应重点注意以下几方面的内容:三个定律:热力学第一定律、热力学第二定律和能的转化和守恒定律;两个途径:做功和热传递是改变物体内能的两个途径;一个桥梁:阿伏伽德罗常数是宏观量与微观量的桥梁.
The thermal focus in the senior high school stage includes two major parts: the knowledge of molecular heat movement (ie, microscopic theory) and the nature of gas (ie, macroscopic research). In the recent college entrance examinations, the examination of the thermal part is still very large. For some concepts, theoretical students still have vague impressions. To correctly understand this part of the content, we should pay attention to the following aspects: three laws: the first law of thermodynamics, the second law of thermodynamics, and the transformation of energy Conservation Law; two ways: work and heat transfer are two ways to change the internal energy of an object; a bridge: Avogadro’s constant is a bridge between macroscopic quantities and microscopic quantities.