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利用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)及液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)研究12个河北省苹果地方品种果实多酚组分及含量特性,并分析其遗传背景。结果表明:河北省苹果地方品种中共检测到5类22种多酚组分,原花青素为主要酚类物质,不同品种间多酚组成和含量存在显著差异,变异系数为40.48%~151.68%。‘红海棠’中原花青素和二氢查耳酮的含量较高,‘沙果’中羟基肉桂酸和黄酮醇含量较高,‘热磙子’有较高的花青苷含量。聚类分析结果表明,同类或遗传背景相似的品种聚为一类,推测‘晚白海棠’携带‘沙果’、‘中国彩苹’或‘香果’的基因,或者同时携带以上二者或三者的基因,‘红海棠’携带‘沙果’的基因。从多酚组分间的相关性分析可以看出,同类物质或者具有相同代谢途径的多酚物质相关性较强,基本聚为一类。本文研究结果为河北省苹果地方品种的开发应用和遗传背景研究提供了依据。
The polyphenol fractions and their characteristics of 12 apple landraces in Hebei Province were studied by UPLC and LC-MS. The genetic background was analyzed. The results showed that there were 22 kinds of polyphenol components and 5 kinds of proanthocyanidins were detected in the apple landraces of Hebei Province. The contents of polyphenols in different varieties were significantly different with the coefficient of variation of 40.48% ~ 151.68%. The content of proanthocyanidins and dihydrochalcone in ’Begonia’ was high, the content of hydroxycinnamic acid and flavonol in ’Sago’ was higher, and the content of anthocyanin in ’Sesamia’ was higher. The results of cluster analysis indicated that the cultivars with similar or similar genetic backgrounds clustered together, suggesting that the genes of ’Begonia’ carrying ’Saposhnikodon’, ’Capparis spinosa’ or ’Scented Chinese spinach’ or both The genes of the three, `Red Begonia ’carry the’ Sago ’genes. From the correlation analysis between polyphenols, it can be seen that the similar substances or polyphenols with the same metabolic pathway are highly correlated and basically clustered into one category. The results of this study provide the basis for the development and application of apple landraces and genetic background in Hebei Province.