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细胞的发现,在生物学的发展中引起过巨大的作用。直到不久以前,生物学家们还认为植物细胞的繁殖过程是跟有机体(其细胞在被研究中的)的在历史上形成的个体发育的特点无关的。在摩尔根遗传学影响之下,细胞学家们在有丝分裂的研究上化过好多精力,这一点曾经是认为十分肯定的:在植物有机体生长的时候,在细胞分裂过程中,细胞核中的染色质网形成为染色体。染色体纵向分裂,它们的两半分散到细胞的两极,两半之间产生一层细胞板,随着,每团染色体形成细胞核,而一个细胞变成了两个——细胞分裂了。
The discovery of cells has caused tremendous effects in the development of biology. Until recently, biologists also argued that the propagation of plant cells was not related to the developmental history of individuals in the organism whose cells were being studied. Under the influence of Morgan’s genetics, cytologists have been much more energetic in the study of mitosis, which was once thought to be quite certain: during plant cell growth, chromatin in the nucleus The web forms into a chromosome. Chromosomes divide longitudinally, and their halves are scattered to the poles of the cells, creating a layer of cells between the halves. With each cluster of cells forming the nucleus, one cell becomes two - the cell divides.