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一、解题要点1.掌握典型的烃及其衍生物的相互转化关系2.掌握有机物的推断方法,善抓突破口(1)根据物质的性质推断官能团,如:能使溴水褪色的物质含有“C=C”或“C≡C”;能发生银镜反应的物质含有“—C—H”;能与钠发生置换反应的物质含有“—OH”或“—COOH”;能与碳酸钠溶液作用的物质含有“—COOH”;能水解产生醇和羧酸的物质是酯等。
First, solve the problem points 1. Master the typical mutual transformation of hydrocarbons and their derivatives 2. Grasp the method of inferring organic matter and make good use of breakthroughs (1) Infer functional groups based on the properties of substances, such as substances that can cause the bromine water to fade: “C=C” or “C≡C”; Substances capable of undergoing silver mirror reaction contain “-C-H”; Substances capable of undergoing substitution reaction with sodium contain “-OH” or “-COOH”; The substance that acts as a solution contains “-COOH”; the substance that can hydrolyze to produce alcohol and carboxylic acid is an ester and the like.